ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the theory and methods of integrating sports into modern health service systems. Methods:Based on the theory of World Health Organization modern health service systems and the policy guideline Rehabilitation in Health Service Systems, we analyzed how to promote the integration of sports into modern health service systems in six areas: leadership and governance capacity, financing, health human resources, service delivery, medical technology and health information systems, systematically analyzed the key elements and requirements for integrating physical education and sports into the health service system in the four segments of the health service continuum: prevention, intervention, rehabilitation and health promotion. Results:The goal of building a human-centered, cross-sectoral and multidisciplinary health service system was proposed, requiring the promotion of the integration of medicine and sports, the use of sports intervention as a method of health intervention, the development of service technologies and standards for the integration of sports and health; the training of professionals who master sports intervention and sports rehabilitation, and the development of information systems to promote the development of the integration of sports and health services. Conclusion:Sports is an important mean of health and an important part of modern health services. Starting from the components of the health service system, we can build a theoretical and methodological system for integrating sports into the modern health service system, so as to promote the realization of a health service system covering the whole population and the whole life cycle, achieve the United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goal 3: ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages; and realize the goals related to "Healthy China".
ABSTRACT
Objective To understand kinetics characteristics of gait termination for children with backpacks， and compare the difference between planned gait termination (PGT) and unplanned gait termination (UPGT) as well as effects of backpack carrying by children at the moment of gait termination. Methods Twelve boys (age (9.85±1.34) years old, height (140.89±11.57) cm, weight (34.96±9.62) kg) were recruited in this study. The gait termination scene in real life was simulated in the lab by the subjects who were required to carry different backpacks, while the parameters of ground reaction force and center of pressure (COP) during PGT and UPGT were recorded by two 3D force plates. Results There were significant differences in the peak ground reaction force curve between gait termination and normal walking. Meanwhile the peak ground reaction force and COP shifting during PGT and UPGT were both significantly larger than those during normal walking， and the values were increased with the increase of backpack load. The maximum ground reaction force and COP shifting were found during UPGT while the subject was carrying backpack equal to 15% of the body weight (15% BW). Conclusions The change of ground reaction force was useful for gait termination，but children will suffer much more impact force during both PGT and UPGT, and make the control on postural balance more difficult, which could be dangerous with the increase of backpack load. It is advised that children should lighten their backpack loads, which will be helpful to prevent accidental injuries during suddenly external disturbance.